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Res gestae refers to a legal doctrine that allows for certain statements and actions to be admitted as evidence in court, as they are considered spontaneous and closely related to the event in question. Their role is primarily to provide context to the events that are being litigated, helping to clarify the circumstances surrounding a case and offer insight into the intent and motivations of the parties involved.

In legal proceedings, this context can be crucial for the judge and jury to fully understand the dynamics of the situation, as it may illuminate the reality of what occurred at the time of the event. For example, yelling an exclamation during an accident may provide insightful context about the circumstances leading up to the event, contributing to a fuller understanding of the case.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the role of res gestae. While they may relate to legal proceedings, they do not focus specifically on the contextual nature of res gestae.